Dasar-dasar Packaging

Packaging perangkat lunak untuk Nix melibatkan penulisan Nix expression yang mendeskripsikan cara membangun paket.

Struktur Dasar Paket

Paket Nix dasar terlihat seperti ini:

{ lib, stdenv, fetchurl }:

stdenv.mkDerivation rec {
  pname = "hello";
  version = "2.12";

  src = fetchurl {
    url = "mirror://gnu/hello/${pname}-${version}.tar.gz";
    sha256 = "sha256-abc123...";
  };

  meta = with lib; {
    description = "A program that produces a familiar, friendly greeting";
    homepage = "https://www.gnu.org/software/hello/";
    license = licenses.gpl3Plus;
    platforms = platforms.all;
  };
}

Build Phases

Nix memiliki beberapa build phase:

1. unpackPhase - Ekstrak source code
2. patchPhase - Terapkan patch
3. configurePhase - Jalankan skrip konfigurasi
4. buildPhase - Kompilasi perangkat lunak
5. installPhase - Instal binary
6. fixupPhase - Perbaikan pasca-install

Override Build Phases

Anda dapat override phase apa pun:

stdenv.mkDerivation {
  pname = "my-package";
  version = "1.0";
  
  src = ./.;
  
  buildPhase = ''
    make build
  '';
  
  installPhase = ''
    mkdir -p $out/bin
    cp my-app $out/bin/
  '';
}

Referensi

• Nixpkgs Manual - Stdenv
• Nix Pills - Packaging